The Persecuted
Church: Living by Faith in a Faithless World
Acts 7:1-53
Introduction: I remember being at a Christian Ed meeting
some time ago. We met in the nursery since it allowed some young mothers on the
committee to be at the meeting while their kids played. I remember when Mary
Ann sat in the rocking chair, one of the little toddlers went over to a box,
pulled out a little piece of carpet, laid it on the floor right in front of
Mary Ann and sat down. It took a moment to figure out what was happening, but
that is where Mary Ann sits when she is going to tell the kids a Bible story,
so he just assumed it was Bible time!
Everyone loves a good story! One of the books I have in my library is
entitled, “He Gave Us Stories,” by a scholar named Richard Pratt. That book was
translated into Portuguese, and in Portuguese the title presents an interesting
ambiguity, since “History” and “Story” are translated today by the same word, “histÓria.” Most of the Bible, Old and New Testament, is
narrative, it’s history, and it focuses on God’s unfolding plan.
The Story of God is written in human history, and it includes God’s
people, the great cloud of witnesses who lived by faith, who took God at His
word. Put that into the context of the
New Testament, the Book of Acts, and the speech of Stephen in Acts 7, it’s
clear that the message is a call to believe God, specifically, to believe that
Jesus is the fulfillment of the promises of God and the very presence of God
among His people. It is true that Stephen is on trial, and on one level he is
giving an answer to the charges that were brought against him. On another level
however, his accusers are on trial as well. Their response to God’s story will
reveal the truth about their hearts and show beyond question the path
they are on in terms of their eternal destiny.
I do want to be sensitive to the context here, and so I am saying it is
the path they are on that is revealed, not necessarily their destiny.
We have a powerful reminder in this context that as long as we have life, it
may be that our eyes will be opened, our heart will be changed, and we’ll turn
in faith to God. Saul of Tarsus is a part of this story. That is the same Saul
who is later known as the Apostle Paul. Here he stands with Stephen’s accusers
approving what was happening. A couple chapters over in Acts, he is brought
into a dramatic confrontation with the resurrected Christ and his life is
changed. Do you have someone you have been sharing Christ with that seems
determined in their unbelief? Do they seem like an “impossible case”? God may
have a plan for them that is yet to unfold, so stay faithful, keep praying, and
see what God may yet do!
Stephen was on trial for his life. He was charged with blasphemy
(6:11). The issue was that he was preaching Jesus. Stephen responds by
retelling some highlights of the story of redemption, beginning with
Abraham. It is a powerful message since
they really couldn’t dispute what he was saying, the actions of their
forefathers revealed the depravity of humans despite God’s repeated efforts to
reveal himself to them. You can almost
see the leaders reluctantly nodding and agreeing with Stephen, “Yes, our
fathers were a stiff necked people!” And then, he makes the application: “You
are just like your fathers!”
Stephen mentions at the beginning and end of his speech the glory of
God, first God’s glory was revealed to Abraham (v.2) and finally to Stephen
even as he is being put to death (7:55,56). Paul, in his
letter to the Romans, reminds us of Israel that “…they are Israelites,
and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of
the law, the worship, and the promises. 5
To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is
the Christ who is God over all…” (Rom 9:4,5). The glory of God led them through the sea and through
the wilderness. God’s glory descended on the Tabernacle, was revealed on Mt.
Sinai, and filled the Holy place of the Temple.
Because of unbelief the glory of the Lord departed for a season, until
in the fullness of time God sent forth His Son… Of him John said, “We have seen His glory, glory as the only
begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth…” (John 1:14). Stephen is
standing strong in the faith, speaking only the truth, testifying to God’s
grace revealed in history, and so giving God the glory. That faithful witness
brings glory to the Lord.
The
Big Idea: God is glorified when his
people live by faith and worship Him in Spirit and in truth.
I. Take God
at His Word: Abraham (7:1-8). God
told Abraham to go, and he went. He believed God, and it was counted to him as
righteousness.
Notice
first of all that Stephen addresses his accusers with empathy and humility: “Brothers and fathers…” Rather than
emphasizing their theological differences at the start, he begins by calling
them “brothers.” He is putting
himself in the same boat with them, affirming their common heritage and
history. They were Jews, like him, they had the same blood, and they
acknowledged the history of God’s dealing with the Jewish people. By calling them “fathers” he seems to be acknowledging with respect the Sanhedrin
and their role as religious leaders of the nation. “Listen…” i.e., “hear me out.” He will appeal to their common faith
and also the history of their people of rejecting the deliverers God had given
them. The facts were the facts, it was their history, and Stephen will use that
history to explain the current situation.
Stephen
begins by saying the God of glory appeared to Abraham and spoke to him.
That passage, starting in Genesis 12, is so familiar that we maybe take for
granted how significant that was. God’s revelation was more generalized before
that, but now He was focusing His promise on a man and his descendants. We see
God in his sovereignty revealing himself to that human, not only in theophany
as he appeared to him, but by speaking to him. The God who is,
the great I AM, the creator and sustainer of the universe, has chosen to use
human language to reveal himself to us, and to show us what he wants from us.
We have a fuller revelation than Abraham had. We can read in the Bible of God’s
work in the past, His instructions on how to live, His plan for the future. We
have the Light of His full revelation in Jesus and the reality of the
indwelling Holy Spirit. Abraham had a much more limited revelation, but he
heard the Word of God, and he stepped out in faith, leaving what he knew for
what he did not yet know, because God said to go.
It is
certainly true that Abraham did have to learn to trust God, and his
faith had some ups and downs along the way. But God was teaching him, building
his faith, enabling him to believe, to trust. He went out in faith, but then
was afraid when a famine caused him to go down to Egypt and he lied about Sarah
his wife for fear of the men in the land (and does the same thing a second time
in chapter 20!). He showed faith when he trusted God and took what was left when
Lot walked by sight and pitched his tent toward Sodom. He believed God when he
was promised a multitude of descendants, then he doubted, and agreed to take
Hagar as his concubine. Finally, when God tells him to sacrifice his promised
Son, Isaac, on Mount Moriah he is ready to do the unthinkable, to the point of
lifting the knife over his son, until God intervenes… The lesson is to believe, God is trustworthy,
we can take Him at His word. Because God is glorified when his people live by
faith and worship Him in Spirit and in truth.
II. Trust
God when we don’t understand: Joseph
(7:9-16). The son’s of Jacob, the patriarchs of the twelve tribes, were not
all, at all times, great examples of living by faith. Joseph’s brothers betrayed him, but God was
with him. The story of Joseph emphasizes God’s sovereignty and His grace.
Stephen
reminds his own accusers that the patriarchs became envious and sold Joseph their
brother into Egypt (7:9). These were the men to whom every Jew could trace
their family tree – they betrayed their own brother out of jealousy and lied to
their father, saying he was dead. Stephen is making it clear that their ancestry
is not a cause for being prideful, quite the contrary their fathers were far
from righteous. In fact they had acted cruelly and deceitfully to the one God
had chosen. Yet we see grace in the story of Joseph and his brothers. What set
them apart was God’s sovereign choice and his providential hand working to
accomplish His good purpose.
Stephen is saying that the partriarchs, the
sons of Jacob (ex-Joseph), rejected the one that God had chosen to deliver
them. Even so, God in His grace worked to accomplish that deliverance through
the one who He had chosen. Does that sound familiar? These people did same with
another chosen Son, Jesus, by rejecting Him and delivering Him up to be killed.
Even so, through His death God saved a remnant, chosen by grace, who would
repent and believe.
Joseph
trusted God, even when it seemed that His world was falling apart around him. Jesus had trusted the Father, in the Garden
and to the Cross and the grave. And now Stephen, even as he spoke to his
accusers, was trusting God. God is
glorified when his people live by faith and worship Him in Spirit and in truth.
III. Obey
God’s Commands: Moses (7:17-43). God revealed himself to Moses and Moses
obeyed God, even as the people committed idolatry.
One
of the specific charges that were brought against Stephen was that he spoke
against Moses, so it is not too surprising that he spent the biggest part of
his message talking about Moses. Moses was probably the most respected and
revered of the human leaders God had given to Israel. He spoke to God face to
face, he met God on the mountain and saw his glory pass by, he was used by God
to lead the nation out of Egyptian bondage, and he received the Law by direct
revelation from God. Moses authored the first five books of the Bible, the
Torah. He was the paradigm prophet, the one to who all subsequent prophets of
God would be compared and ultimately, a promised “Prophet like Moses,” the
Messiah, would come at the right time to deliver the faithful remnant of
Israel.
With
all of that, no wonder the nation held Moses in such high esteem! Yet, like Joseph, Moses did not always
have such an easy time with the sons of Israel. After God brought them out of
Egypt, they had times of doubting and they began to grumble against God and
against Moses and Aaron. Whether it was about water or food or the enemies in
the land, the doubts and complaints had consequences.
God
revealed the stipulations of the covenant to Moses and the people committed
themselves to obey, yet the history of Israel from Joshua, through the judges
and kings of Israel, the faithfulness of God and the cycles of unbelief by the
people and their leaders, and the consequences of that unbelief, explains the
history of Israel.
Remember
the Word of Jesus, “If you believed Moses
you would believe Me, because he spoke of me” (John 5:46). Trust and obey.
John put it this way: “He who believes in
the Son has life. He who does not obey the Son shall not see life, for the wrath
of God abides on Him” (John 3:36). True faith will show itself by
obedience, not to the letter of the Law, but to the Spirit of the Law. God is
glorified when his people live by faith and worship Him in Spirit and in truth.
IV. Worship
the God who is Present: the Temple
(7:44-53). Another charge brought against Stephen was that He preached that
Jesus would destroy the Temple. Stephen answered that they seemed more
concerned about their traditions and the physical building than about knowing
and worshipping the One true God, the Great I AM, the God who spoke the
universe into existence.
God is the creator of all things and
omnipresent (44-50). Yes, Moses and
Aaron mediated between God and the people in the wilderness, and the priests
continued in that role later. The tabernacle housed the ark of the covenant in
the center of the camp and it was the place where the Shekinah glory descended
and was present, above the mercy seat and between the cherubim. Later the
Temple was built in Jerusalem and took the role of the Meeting Place, the House
of God. But Stephen quotes the oracle of the Lord to Isaiah which made it clear
that the Creator of the Universe is not contained or limited by a physical
building, He is omnipresent.
“Yet the Most High does not dwell in houses made by hands, as the prophet
says, 49 'Heaven is my
throne, and the earth is my footstool. What kind of house will you build for
me, says the Lord, or what is the place of my rest? 50 Did not my hand make all these
things?'” (Acts 7:48-50; see Isa
66:1,2a).
Remember the Latin phrase
used by the Reformers, Coram Deo,
living before the face of God. That is living by faith. Trusting that
God is transcendent, He is infinite and omnipresent, not limited to a
particular place or building. See He is
also imminent, right here with us, always present, always watching.
And our Hearts are revealed by our
response to Him (51-53). Stephen turns the tables on His accusers and charges
them with unbelief, a lack of faith in the God the Scriptures which is revealed
by their response to Jesus.
“You
stiff-necked people, uncircumcised in heart and ears, you always resist the
Holy Spirit. As your fathers did, so do you.
52 Which of the prophets did not your fathers persecute? And
they killed those who announced beforehand the coming of the Righteous One,
whom you have now betrayed and murdered…” (Acts 7:51-52).
Stephen told the story of the fathers and he
only spoke the truth. You can almost read between the lines and by their
silence imagine the leaders nodding their heads in reluctant agreement as he
tells the story of God’s revelation and Israel’s struggle to believe and trust
Him. “Yes, the fathers were a stiff necked bunch weren’t they?” But then
Stephen makes the point: they had rejected the prophets God sent, and the
prophets spoke of the coming of Messiah, Jesus. Now you handed Him over
to be killed! You are just like your fathers! Ok, if you are taking notes on how to be an
effective witness for the Lord, this may not be the best approach for everyone!
But at this moment, in this situation, it is clear the Stephen said exactly
what God wanted him to say.
“…you who received the law as delivered by
angels and did not keep it” (Acts 7:53).
Stephen says on the one hand you claim to venerate the Word, yet on the
other hand you don’t obey what it says. Faith means trusting God, taking Him at
His Word. If we really believe that God is who he claimed to be and that He has
spoken, we will want to obey what He says.
What is God
saying to me in this passage? God is
glorified when his people live by faith and worship Him in Spirit and in truth.
What
would God have me to do in response to this passage? The glory of God was revealed to humans. Moses
met God on the mountain, and when he descended his face glowed with the glory
of God’s presence. The prophet Isaiah also got a glimpse of the throne room of
heaven, the seraphim circling the presence of the King of Kings. Some of the
disciples saw Jesus transformed on the Mount of transfiguration. Stephen, his
face like that of an angel, sees heaven opened, and Jesus standing at the
Father’s right hand. When John wrote his prolog to the Gospel he said, “We have seen His glory, the glory of the
only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.” Have you come here
today to meet with Him and to Worship Him? He is the same, yesterday, today,
and forever, and He is worthy to be praised. Do you recognize His presence,
now, and as you go about your life through the week, choosing to live Coram Deo, before the face of God? He
is glorified as we bring the message of his grace to the world. Stephen spoke
the truth, knowing what the consequences might be. Most of us will not be on
trial for our life, but lives are at stake. The lives of those around
you who desperately need to know Him. Are you ready to give a reason for the
hope that is in you? Will you? AMEN.